THE ECONOMY OF GREAT BRITAIN (part I)
1. Study your active vocabulary:
private (adj) частный, личный, персональный
enterprise (n) предприятие
productivity (n) производительность, продуктивность
competitiveness (n) конкурентоспособность
gross (adj.) большой, крупный
per capita на душу населения
denationalization (n) потеря национальных особенностей
publicly (adv) публично, открыто, всенародно
unemployment (n) безработица
reduce (v) уменьшать
adjustment (n) регулирование, согласование
taxation (n) налогообложение, взимание налога
negotiations (n) переговоры
encouragement (n) ободрение, поощрение
exposure (n) подвергание какому-либо воздействию
predominate (v) господствовать, преобладать
utility (n sing.) полезность, выгодность
utilities (pl.) коммунальные предприятия;
2. Write down 10 sentences with the new words
1) He's been reading my private mail.
2) The country has high agricultural productivity.
3) Unemployment is a serious social problem.
4) The contradictions between business partners ware resolved by negotiations.
5) The government is trying to find the balance between taxation and spending.
6) This medicine reduces the risk of infection.
7) The information is publicly available.
8) New machinery has enhanced the company's productivity and competitiveness.
9) He hoped that his enterprise would be a prosperous one.
10) The computer program provides utility to perform any tasks needed by users.
3. Match these words with their definitions below:
1. a) discussion aimed at reaching an agreement is negotiation;
b) the action or process of transferring legal ownership of a document is negotiation.
2. The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input is productivity.
3. An inability to find work although it is actively sought is unemployment.
4. The face value of a banknote, coin, or postage stamp is denomination.
5. A large company or group of companies authorized to act as a single entity and recognized as such in law is corporation.
6. The process of selling a publicly owned company or asset (see nationalization) to the private sector is privatization.
7. To make (something) on a large scale using machinery is manufactures.
THE ECONOMY OF GREAT BRITAIN (part II)
1. Study your active vocabulary:
agriculture (n) сельское хозяйство
sheep (n) овца
cattle (n) крупный рогатый скот
self-sufficient (adj) независимый, автономный
barley (n) ячмень
wheat (n) пшеница
virtually (adv) фактически, в сущности
despite не смотря на
steady (adj) устойчивый
decline (v) спускаться вниз, наклоняться
revenue (n) доход, выручка
expenditure (n) расходование, трата денег
excise (v) исключать, удалять
offset (v) возмещать, вознаграждать
borrow (v) брать в долг, занимать
ore (n) руда
distribution (n) распределение, раздача
forestry (n) лесничество, лесное хозяйство
2. Write down 10 sentences with the new words.
1) The government should promote agriculture more.
2) The cattle were delivered by rail.
3) People who live in the suburbs tend to be self-sufficient.
4) Wheat is the crop used to make bread.
5) This business should generate a lot of revenue.
6) The energy expenditure was significant.
7) This district is rich in ore.
8) She is responsible for product distribution.
9) She studied forestry in college.
10) Tom is always borrowing from us.
3. Match these words with their definitions below:
1. Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories is industry.
2. A compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers’ income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions is tax.
3. Sending (goods or services) to another country for sale is export.
4. The amount by which something, especially a sum of money, is too small is deficit.
5. Money received, especially on a regular basis, for work or through investments is income.
6. The amount or distance by which something is out of line is offset.
7. A viscous liquid derived from petroleum, especially for use as a fuel or lubricant is oil.
8. A person employed for wages or salary, especially at non-executive level is employee.
9. The action of spending funds is expenditure.
4. Form all possible combinations and translate them into Russian:
1. highly mechanized-высоко механизированный;
2. agriculturally self-sufficient – самодостаточен в сельскохозяйственной сфере;
3. chief import - главный импорт;
chief instruments – главные инструменты;
chief industry- главная отрасль;
4. service sector –сфера обслуживания;
5. sugar beet –сахарная свекла;
6. financial service-финансовые услуги;
7. scientific instruments –научные инструменты;
8. public borrowing –государственные займы;
public sector- государственный сектор;
9. mineral industry –минеральная промышленность;
10. income taxes –подоходный налог.
CONTROL WORK
1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:
1. Economists study situations from real life by means of economic models.
2. Economists are interested in relationship between prices for goods and buyers’ behaviour.
3. The buyer chooses goods for which he has enough money.
4. He doesn’t follow our recommendations.
5. The manager makes decisions only after careful analysis of all the data.
6. She always buys a lot of clothes.
7. The data is not necessary now.
8. The prices for fuel are very high.
9. A consumer is a person who buys goods and services.
10. There are several mining areas in this country.
2. Choose the appropriate variant and put it into the gap:
a) Economics is a theory how society works.
a) Economics as an academic discipline is relatively new.
c) The guiding idea of economics is scarcity.
b) The first major book of economics was published by Adam Smith.
a) The economists’ job is to evaluate the choices that exist for the use of resources.
