Коррупция в РБ и европейских странах Реферат

Nowadays, when assessing the level of corruption in the world, we can talk about a conditional gradation of all countries into two large categories – those that successfully cope with this problem, and those for which corruption poses insoluble difficulties [7].

Countries that are fairly clean with regard to corruption and are among the top twenty powers characterized by the formation of an anti-corruption strategy at the state level are Finland, Denmark, Iceland, Sweden, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Switzerland, Israel and a number of other countries.

Some features of the organization of anti-corruption activities in the above countries are based on the following: corruption is recognized by the governments of these countries as a serious threat to national security. At the same time, corruption is seen as an external and internal problem. Therefore, efforts to limit corruption in these countries are large-scale and tend to be institutionalized.

The European Union does not have cross-national instruments aimed directly at combating corruption, however, appropriate measures are taken in the context of protecting the financial interests of the association of states. In particular, the EU has adopted the Convention on the Protection of the European Communities' Financial Interest and the Convention on the Fight against Corruption involving Officials of the European Communities or Officials of Member States of the European Union. Both documents provide for the criminalization of active and passive bribery. A separate body, the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), was created to identify cases of fraud and corruption that threaten the financial interests of the EU, and is empowered to conduct administrative investigations and inform the competent national authorities if, in his opinion, initiation of a criminal investigation is required. 

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