1. Переведите текст.
2. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. Correct the false statements
3. Answer the following questions
4. Find key words and phrases which best express the general meaning of each paragraph
5. What parts of the text can you define? Do they correspond to the paragraph? Entitle each part
1. Переведите письменно текст.
Water Consumption and Its Types
In designing any water supply system specialists determine the required quantity and quality of water supplied. For solving this problem it is necessary to take into account all the potential water consumers and find out their requirements for the quantity and quality of the water delivered.
Water is used by various consumers and is required for a wide variety of purposes.
Water consumption (also called “water requirement/water demand / water use”) is the use of water delivered to satisfy particular needs of a community. Water consumption is characterized by several types (categories) of demands, including domestic, public, commercial, and industrial uses.
Domestic demand includes water for drinking, cooking, washing up dishes, cleaning, laundering (washing), bathing, car washing, yard and garden watering, carrying away wastes, and other household functions.
Public demand includes water for fire protection, street cleaning, and use in schools, hospitals and other public buildings.
Commercial and industrial demands include water for shops, ware- houses, offices, hotels, laundries, restaurants, and most manufacturing plants, for various technological purposes in industry, power engineering, transport, etc.
Перевод:
Потребление воды и его виды
При проектировании любой системы водоснабжения специалисты определяют необходимое количество и качество подаваемой воды. Для решения этой задачи необходимо учесть всех потенциальных потребителей воды и выяснить их требования к количеству и качеству поставляемой воды.
Вода используется различными потребителями и необходима для самых разных целей.
Потребление воды (также называемое "потребность в воде/ спрос на воду/ водопользование") – это использование воды, поставляемой для удовлетворения конкретных потребностей населения. Потребление воды характеризуется несколькими типами (категориями) спроса, включая бытовое, общественное, коммерческое и промышленное использование.
Бытовой спрос включает в себя воду для питья, приготовления пищи, мытья посуды, уборки, стирки, купания, мойки автомобилей, полива огородов и садов, выноса отходов, и других бытовых функций.
Общественный спрос включает воду для противопожарной защиты, очистки улиц и использования в школах, больницах и других общественных зданиях.
Коммерческий и промышленный спрос включает воду для магазинов, складов, офисов, гостиниц, прачечных, ресторанов и большинства производственных предприятий, для различных технологических целей в промышленности, энергетике, транспорте и т. д.
2. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. Correct the false statements.
1. In designing a water supply system it is necessary to find out the water consumers’ requirements for the quantity and quality of water de- livered. (T)
2. There are several types of water demands, including domestic, public and industrial uses. (T): There are several types of water demands, including domestic, public, commercial and industrial uses.
3. Answer the following questions.
1. What factors must be taken into account for solving the problem of designing any water supply system? – All the potential water consumers and their requirements for the quantity and quality of the water delivered factors must be taken into account for solving the problem of designing any water supply system.
2. What is water consumption? - Water consumption is the use of water delivered to satisfy particular needs of a community.
4. Find key words and phrases which best express the general meaning of each paragraph.
The required quantity and quality of water supplied, the potential water consumers.
A wide variety of purposes.
Water consumption, to satisfy particular needs of a community, types (categories) of demands.
Domestic demand.
Public demand.
Commercial and industrial demands.
Variation in total water, different communities.
5. What parts of the text can you define? Do they correspond to the paragraph? Entitle each part.
Choose the correct variant
1. The car … start. I tried several times.
a) won’t b) mustn’t c) shouldn’t
2. Yesterday I … have gone on business to Madrid but the meeting was put off.
a) was to b) must c) can
