1. Read the text and translate it.
2. Answer the questions below.
3. Complete the table with the data from the text.
4. Find in the text the English equivalents to the following.
5. Make up the sentences out of the given words.
1. Read the text and translate it.
Electricity Basics
Electricity is something we do not notice until we do not have it. However few people understand what it is and still fewer can explain it. Let us try it any away.
So, what is electricity? Electricity is simply a movement of charged particles through a closed circuit. The electrons, which flow through this wire, carry a negative charge. A lightning discharge is the same idea, just without the wire.
Electricity is made by converting some form of energy into flowing electrons at the power plant. The type of power plant depends on the source of energy used: thermal power (coal, oil, gas, and nuclear, underground steam), solar power (photovoltaic), kinetic power (water, wind) and chemical power (fuel cell) after it is made.
Electricity is sent into a system of cables and wires called a transmission grid.
This system enables power plants and end users to be connected together.
The basic notions in electricity include following.
An Amp (A) is a unit measure of the amount of current in circuit. An ammeter permits the current to be measured. The pressure that forces the current to flow is measured in Volts (V).A transformer is used to change the voltages, of electricity. This allows electricity to be transmitted over long distances at high voltage, but safely used at a lower voltage.
A Watt (W) is a unit measure eclectic power that depends on amps and volts. The more watts the bulb uses the more light is produced. Watts=Volts* Amps.
An Ohm (O) is a unit measure of material resistance to a flowing current. The filament in this light bulb glows because its high resistance makes it hot. Low resistance of the support wires does not let them glow. The floss has a resistance so high that it does not allow the current to move though it this property makes glass a good insulator.
Ответ
Основы электричества
Электричество - это то, что мы не замечаем, пока у нас его нет. Однако мало кто понимает, что это такое, и еще меньше людей могут это объяснить. Давайте попробуем объяснить это явление.
Итак, что такое электричество? Электричество - это просто движение заряженных частиц по замкнутому контуру. Электроны, которые проходят через этот провод, несут отрицательный заряд. Молниеносный разряд - та же идея, просто без провода.
2. Answer the questions below.
1. What are electricity and an electron?
Electricity is a movement of charged particles through a closed circuit.
The electrons carry a negative charge.
2. How is electricity produced?
Electricity is made by converting some form of energy into flowing electrons at the power plant.
3. What types of power plants do you know?
4. What is the function of the transformer?
5. How does the light bulb work?
3. Complete the table with the data from the text.
Symbol
| Unit
| Electrical Notion
| Measuring Device
|
| 1. |
| current in circuit
| ammeter
|
| 2. | Volt
|
| transformer
|
| 3. | - | resistance
|
|
4. W
|
|
|
|
4. Find in the text the English equivalents to the following.
Заряженные частицы - charged particles, преобразовывать - convert, солнечная энергия , провод , отрицательный заряд, каменный уголь , сеть электропередач, топливный элемент, лампочка, изолятор , нить накала, замкнутая цепь, энергия подземного пара , гореть (светиться), сопротивление.
5. Make up the sentences out of the given words.
1. electrical, produce, plants, different, of energy, power, electricity, forms, from.
Power plants produce electricity from different forms of electrical energy.
2. is, over, distances, transmitted, voltages, energy, long, high, at.
Energy is transmitted over long distances at high voltages.
3. used, measuring, current, an ammeter, for, is.
4. flow, electricity, electrons, is, charged, of.
5. energy, utilize, consumers, electrical, various.
