1 Read the text and translate the extract in italic in written form.
2 Grammar work
A Divide the sentences into two groups (real and unreal). Translate them into Russian.
B Rewrite the statements making full second conditional sentences started with If….
C Choose the correct preposition
D Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
3 Vocabulary work
A Find suffixes and prefixes in the following words. In the dictionary for each word find another two words with the same suffixes or prefixes. Try and mind the ecological theme.
B Match the words with their definitions.
C Match the synonyms.
4 Text work
A Choose the best variant to complete the sentences.
B Mark statements true or false, correct the false ones.
C Translate from English into Russian in written form.
D Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1 Read the text and translate the extract in italic in written form.
An ecosystem consists of a number of living organisms and their physical environment. The living organisms and their non-living environment are interrelated and interact with each other.
There are 6 major components in an ecosystem:
1. inorganic substances
2. organic compounds
3. climate, temperature, wind, light and rain which affect all the processes in an ecosystem
4. producers; green plants which are able to manufacture food from simple inorganic substance in the process known photosynthesis
5. consumers; primary consumers: they obtain their energy from green plants. But secondary consumers such as dogs and cats feed on other animals.
6. decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi. Bacteria break down the flesh of dead animals. Fungi break down plant material. They enable chemical substances to return to the physical environment.
The main processes in ecosystems include:
1. food chains
2. materials cycles
3. development
4. evolution
Food chains. The Sun's energy travels through an ecosystem.
The proper transfer of energy through an ecosystem by the producers, the consumers and the decomposers is called a food chain.
Materials cycles. Materials cycles include cycles of nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, water and mineral salts. Chemical substances move from the non-living environment to living things. They are then returned to the environment.
2 Grammar work
A Divide the sentences into two groups (real and unreal). Translate them into Russian.
Unreal 1. If the amount of energy at the end of a food chain did not depend on the length of the chain each plant would provide a large amount of energy.
Если бы количество энергии в конце пищевой цепи не зависело от длины цепи, каждое растение давало бы большое количество энергии.
Real 2. The mankind will not be able to save the planet for the future
B Rewrite the statements making full second conditional sentences started with If….
1. If there weren’t the Sun there would be no light, no heat, no energy of any kind.
2. If there weren’t decomposers chemical substances would not be able to return to the physical environment.
C Choose the correct preposition
1. Interrelations between man and the biosphere are of a fairly complex nature.
2. We have a moral duty to look after our planet and hand it on in good order to future generation.
D Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
1. An ecosystem consists of a number of living organisms and their physical environment.
2. There are 6 major components in an ecosystem.
3 Vocabulary work
A Find suffixes and prefixes in the following words. In the dictionary for each word find another two words with the same suffixes or prefixes. Try and mind the ecological theme.
interrelated, interchange, interference
decomposer, deforestation, degrade
inorganic, incapable, insignificant
development, adjustment, detachment
B Match the words with their definitions.
1. ecosystem - b. a complex of living organisms, their physical environment, and all their interrelationships in a particular unit of space.
2. decomposer - d. any of various organisms that return constituents of organic substances to ecological cycles by feeding on and breaking down dead protoplasm
C Match the synonyms.
substance matter
conform adapt
4 Text work
A Choose the best variant to complete the sentences.
1. An ecosystem consists of a number of living organisms and their physical environment.
2. Green plants which are able to manufacture food from simple inorganic substance in the process known photosynthesis are called producers.
B Mark statements true or false, correct the false ones.
True 1. There are 6 major components in an ecosystem: decomposers, organic compounds, climate, producers, customers, inorganic substances.
True 2. Bacteria and fungi enable chemical substances to return to the physical environment.
C Translate from English into Russian in written form.
1. Both living and non-living components make up ecological systems that may be of different size, the largest ecosystem of all is our planet that is known as an ecosphere or biosphere.
Как живые, так и неживые компоненты составляют экологические системы, которые могут быть разных размеров, самая большая из всех экосистем - наша планета, известная как экосфера или биосфера.
2. The biosphere is the region extending a few thousand feet above and below the Earth's surface in which life exists.
Биосфера - это область, простирающаяся на несколько тысяч футов выше и ниже поверхности Земли, на которой существует жизнь.
D Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1. What do bacteria do in an ecosystem?
Bacteria break down the flesh of dead animals.
2. Where do primary consumers obtain their energy?
Primary consumers obtain their energy from green plants.
